Cairo, who noted in July 1969, his thousand-year anniversary – political and economic center of Egypt, from the X century – the most important city in the Middle East, a brilliant medieval capital. Cairo is not only an important center anti-imperialist national liberation movement in Egypt, but also one of the major political centers of the Arab world. Since 1945, it is the headquarters of the League of Arab States and permanent residence Secretariat of the Committee for Solidarity in Asia and Africa. It brings together representatives of those continents to address the problems of independence and collaboration support. Cairo is the center of economic and cultural life Arab Republic of Egypt, the largest hub of international means of communication – the river, air, rail and highway. The city and its suburbs is located about a quarter of total industrial production in the country – metalworking, machine building, machine building, cement, textile, car-building, printing, etc. And in the past, and now Cairo – a city best of Arabic culture, one of the Urban areas determined by the development of scientific thought and concepts of art.

This is a major center for scientific and technical personnel: at the universities of Cairo are educated about 100 thousand students, many of whom are students from other Arab countries. In Cairo, a number of research institutions has been working in the fields of biology, chemistry, nuclear physics. Cairo also is at the forefront in shaping the modern Arab art countries. Importance of Cairo as a center of culture is extremely high. In Cairo, was built much greater than in the rest of the country (which in the Middle Ages there were few), and here for the majority of architectural monuments medieval Egypt. It is difficult to name any other city in the world so completely captured the monopoly in the construction of any single country.

Enough to meet with Cairo to get a clear picture of the development in Egypt medieval construction techniques, architectural form and style. Today it is a city with more than five million inhabitants, an industrial and cultural center of the Arab Republic of Egypt (ARE). In Cairo, under state protection over five hundred monuments. The architecture of modern Cairo is at the latest technical achievements and quests in the form. Here there were shots of local architects, fully rid the country of the need to attract foreign experts. In the construction of large scale problems are solved. Great area of the city, the history of its construction is complicated and messy. Rare building the past have survived in its original form, and many of them disappeared. Meanwhile, various times of the cities and their development are interrelated. Image of the city as a whole will become clear only on the condition that trace its gradual development. Past studies revealed the city surviving buildings, archaeological survey and written sources. Local native historian Ahmed Maqrizi (1364-1442 gg.) Devoted topography of Cairo a special essay.